Formal Verification - AI/ML Engineer

Apple's Hardware Technologies Formal Verification team is seeking an AI/ML Engineer to work at the intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Formal Verification. In this role, you will explore, prototype, and build AI-powered systems - with a focus on Large Language Models - to augment and transform how formal verification is performed on Apple Silicon. You will work closely with formal verification engineers, design engineers, and EDA tool developers to identify high-impact opportunities and deliver practical, domain-specific AI applications. Description You will be responsible for: Building domain-specific AI applications that leverage LLMs and other ML techniques to accelerate formal verification workflows - from specification interpretation to property generation, proof debugging, and beyond. Developing and fine-tuning LLM-based systems tailored to hardware verification tasks, including retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines, agentic tool-use frameworks, and domain-adapted models. Collaborating with formal verification engineers to deeply understand FV methodologies, pain points, and opportunities where AI can meaningfully improve productivity, quality, and coverage. Prototyping novel AI-driven approaches for tasks such as automatic SVA property synthesis, natural-language-to-formal-specification translation, proof strategy recommendation, and intelligent counterexample analysis. Evaluating and integrating emerging AI/ML research into practical, production-quality tools and workflows used by the FV team. Establishing best practices and infrastructure for AI application development within the FV organization. Preferred Qualifications Strong hands-on experience building AI/ML applications, particularly those leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) - including prompt engineering, fine-tuning, RAG architectures, agentic systems, or LLM-based tool chains. Demonstrated ability to take AI capabilities from prototype to production - you have shipped or deployed AI-powered tools or applications, not just trained models. Proficiency in Python and modern ML/AI frameworks and tooling (e.g., PyTorch, LangChain, LlamaIndex, Hugging Face, or similar). Background in formal methods, mathematical logic, or a strong mathematical foundation - whether through academic training (e.g., formal methods, type theory, automated reasoning, mathematical logic) or applied experience. You don't need to be an FV expert, but a quantitative and rigorous mindset is essential. Genuine interest in domain-specific AI applications - you are excited about going deep into a specialized engineering domain rather than building general-purpose AI products. Software engineering best practices - version control, testing, API design, and building maintainable, collaborative codebases. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills - you will work across disciplines with FV engineers, design engineers, and tooling teams. Self-directed and comfortable with ambiguity - you will need to identify opportunities, propose solutions, and drive them forward. Experience working on or contributing to LLM tooling, frameworks, or infrastructure (e.g., inference engines, model serving, evaluation harnesses). Prior exposure to hardware design or verification concepts (RTL, SystemVerilog, assertions, EDA tools). Familiarity with formal methods, SAT/SMT solvers, model checking, or theorem proving. Experience with code generation or analysis tasks using LLMs. MS or PhD in Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, or a related field - though exceptional industry experience is equally valued. Minimum Qualifications A minimum of a bachelor's degree in relevant field and a minimum of 10 years of relevant industry experience. Pay & Benefits At Apple, base pay is one part of our total compensation package and is determined within a range. This provides the opportunity to progress as you grow and develop within a role. The base pay range for this role is between $184,700 and $324,800, and your base pay will depend on your skills, qualifications, experience, and location. Apple employees also have the opportunity to become an Apple shareholder through participation in Apple's discretionary employee stock programs. Apple employees are eligible for discretionary restricted stock unit awards, and can purchase Apple stock at a discount if voluntarily participating in Apple's Employee Stock Purchase Plan. You'll also receive benefits including: Comprehensive medical and dental coverage, retirement benefits, a range of discounted products and free services, and for formal education related to advancing your career at Apple, reimbursement for certain educational expenses - including tuition. Additionally, this role might be eligible for discretionary bonuses or commission payments as well as relocation. Learn more about Apple Benefits Note: Apple benefit, compensation and employee stock programs are subject to eligibility requirements and other terms of the applicable plan or program.